Keywords
Stress
Psychological Health
Well-Being
Aged
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Aging may result in many physical and mental health challenges that need to be diagnosed and treated. Untreated mental illness is associated with many major health issues, which may be the cause of premature mortality. Nowadays, many non-pharmacological means are being implemented to find out their benefits for mental and physical wellness. Objective: The present study reviewed the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with the purpose of investigating the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on mental health of non-clinical older populations. Methods: Initially, 518 studies were identified through five electronic databases such as CINAHL, PubMed, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, and Scopus among which finally, seven RCTs published between 2009-2018 were considered based on meeting the adopted inclusion criteria. The risk of bias and quality of the studies were assessed by the Jadad scale. Results: A total of 997 participants with a mean age of over 40 years from four different countries like the USA, Sweden, Taiwan, and China were included in the current systematic review among them, 482 participated in the MBSR program of 4-8 weeks as intervention group. The studies considered the mental issues viz. anxiety, mindfulness, perceived stress, depression, distress, coping, psychological well-being, quality of life, etc. as dependent variables. The majority of the studies found significant improvement in mindfulness, anxiety, psychological distress, and psychological well-being among non-clinical older adults. Conclusion: Despite the variety in the basic features of the MBSR program, this review study concludes that the MBSR program is effective for improving the overall mental health of non-clinical older adults.
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